Heres why youre never too old for a career change

Heres why youre never unreasonably old for a lifelong change It’s consistently terrifying to change employments. In any case, it can appear to be out and out startling in the event that you have given years (or decades!) to voyaging one vocation way and need to do a total switch. Don’t let dread keep you down here and there, conditions call for striking strokes. Regardless of whether you have an objective your present position won’t permit you to come to, a rundown of disappointments, or essentially are exhausted and need to roll out an improvement, you can do it. Here are a couple of reasons why it’s never past the point of no return for you to land the position (and the vocation) you’ve consistently needed. Rolling out an improvement may include difficult work and hazard, however on the off chance that you center and truly need it, change is feasible at any age.Your aptitudes can transfer.You’ve effectively invested energy in the working scene, which implies you’ve gained two arrangements of a bilities: general delicate abilities that apply to any jobâ (think time the board, correspondence, office decorum) and aptitudes explicit to your picked industry. The previous will work well for you regardless of where you land.What you don’t know, you can learn with time and difficult work. What's more, what you do know can without much of a stretch be moved into another field, position, industry, or way. Your activity explicit aptitudes may in any event, carry a new component to your new vocation that would make you an appealing candidate.You’ve sufficiently earned to float.At this point in your profession, you’re most likely agreeable enough to have given yourself a decent pad to accepting a decrease in salary to do what you love. That doesn’t mean you ought to stray into the red or work for short of what you are worth-simply think of it as not the apocalypse to make less for a brief period. Gauge your joy against the compensation misfortune and see w hat comes out on top.You won't appear flaky.Just in light of the fact that you picked a field in your mid twenties doesn’t mean you’re stayed with it for good. Needing a change, even a significant one, doesn’t make you flighty or hesitant. It just methods you’ve grown up and distinguished your inclinations. Uplifting news! You’re expected to develop! Overlook individuals who state you don’t realize what you need to do with your life. The inverse is valid: youâ do know, and you’re effectively seeking after it.Your energy will be infectious.Wouldn’t you rather be brilliant, sparkly, and positive about something once more? In the event that you’re getting up each early daytime fearing your work day, it may be the ideal opportunity for you to think about a change. Life’s excessively short and you’re using up all available time! Roll out the improvements you have to carry on with the existence you need. Your dr ive and energy will seep into all that you do inside and outside of work.It’s never past the point where it is possible to begin something new, so don’t keep yourself down in light of the fact that you think it’s unseemly. Remember: you may need to begin gradually, which is fine! You’ll need to evaluate the holes you may have in your abilities or instruction, and afterward work to fill them before you become an appealing competitor. Be that as it may, in the event that you think there is a way, you ought to most likely go for it. You’ll never know until you attempt.

Corporations Associations Cases Materials †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Corporations Associations Cases Materials? Answer: Introducation An agreement is something in excess of a minor understanding made between at least two people. In this manner, there are sure components that ought to be available so as to make an agreement authoritative on the gatherings. In such manner, it is required that there ought to be an offer made by one gathering to the next one, the equivalent ought to be acknowledged by the other party and also it ought to be the aim of the gatherings to enter legitimately restricting relationship. There is additionally a prerequisite of a cost paid. It may not be as cash (Re McArdle, 1951). The gatherings ought to likewise have the lawful ability to make the agreement willingly (Crown Lands Comrs v Page, 1960). The gatherings ought to enter the agreement after appropriately getting it. Then again, the assent of the gatherings is valued if there is any undue impact, pressure or bogus articulations because of which the agreement could get illicit and void. Along these lines, the components that are required to exhibit that a coupling contract is available are:- Offer: an offer ought to be made by one gathering to the next. Acknowledgment: the offer ought to be acknowledged by their gathering precisely on similar terms. The acquaintance of new terms sums with a counteroffer. Thought: the guarantee made by the gatherings and the agreement ought to be upheld by the legitimate thought. Commonality of commitments: Both the gatherings under the agreement ought to acknowledge their commitments forced by the agreement. Limit: the gatherings ought to have the legitimate ability to enter the agreement A large portion of the agreements can be either recorded as a hard copy or made orally and still these agreements can be authorized by the law. Anyway there are sure specific components that are required by the law to be recorded as a hard copy so as to be legitimately enforceable (Baxt, Fletcher and Fridman, 2008). Then again, it is hard to implement oral agreements. The explanation is that if there should arise an occurrence of oral agreements, there is no genuine record present in regards to the offer, thought and the acknowledgment of the gatherings. Still it is critical to know about the sorts of agreements that should be made recorded as a hard copy for being legitimately enforceable. For the most part the agreements that should be made recorded as a hard copy to be lawfully enforceable are the agreements that are connected when certain obligations, genuine property, with respect to cash over a specific sum. Then again, when it isn't required by the law that each great agreemen t ought to compose, different components that are essential to make a legitimately enforceable agreement ought to be available regardless (Harris, Hargovan and Adams, 2013). Along these lines, the primary concern in such manner is that while by and large the gatherings went into exchange in accordance with some basic honesty, an all around drafted contract made recorded as a hard copy gives the best security that might be accessible to the gatherings in the event of a question. Preferably, it is prudent that a lawyer ought to be reached before drawing or going into an agreement. In any case, the littler the aggregate associated with the agreement and the less difficult the agreement, there is less need of composed agreement. Along these lines, unmistakably it isn't fundamental that an agreement ought to have been made recorded as a hard copy so as to be lawfully enforceable. Anyway there are particular kinds of substance that are required by the law to be made recorded as a hard cop y to be upheld by the courts. Be that as it may, it is a smart thought to expressly state the understanding in light of the fact that in such a case it gets simpler to set up the details of the agreement (Sweeney, OReilly and Coleman, 2013). Then again, if there should be an occurrence of an oral agreement, troubles may emerge in building up the conditions of the agreement A proper agreement can be portrayed as an agreement in which the gatherings have fixed the record under seal. Then again, if there should be an occurrence of a casual agreement, it isn't marked under seal. In this unique situation, a seal can be portrayed as any feeling that hosts been made by the gatherings to the agreement on the record. Generally, this was done in wax, referencing the expectation of the gatherings that they will be limited by the agreement. Just the gatherings to the fixed records are viewed as the people who have the rights under such agreement. Along these lines, just the people who were the gathering to the agreement can be considered as obligated under it (Miller, and Cross, 2012). Then again, about the entirety of the agreements that are made today are casual agreements. Anyway the authenticity of the agreement isn't reliant on the reality if the agreement is formal or casual. In the two cases, the agreement is considered as authoritative, gave that different components that are fundamental for making a lawfully enforceable agreement are available. For the most part, a proper agreement is made by a more prominent power like an enterprise or the legislature. The conventions of such agreement necessitated that the report ought to be marked under seal. The two instances of a conventional agreement incorporate:- Debatable instrument Letter of credit For this situation, a gathering of companions contribute $2 each to buy a lottery ticket and one individual from the gathering really buy is the ticket. At the point when the triumphant ticket isn't right for the gathering, it is guaranteed by the buyer of the ticket that the course of action was the main social and he isn't required to share the prize cash. In such cases, the law contract necessitates that one of the components that are required to make an agreement legitimately restricting is the goal of the gatherings. Thus in such cases it is necessitated that it ought to be the aim of the gatherings that the commitments forced by the agreement ought to be enforceable by the law (Lens v Devonshire Club, 1914). The way in to the translation of the agreement is to offer impact to the goal of the gatherings as referenced in the understanding between the gatherings. For this reason, for the most part the expectation of the gatherings must be found out unbiasedly (Balfour v Balfour, 1 919). For this reason, the court is required to consider the words utilized by the gatherings in the understanding; the activities of the gatherings as per the understanding and the conditions related with the understanding. In the wake of thinking about the real factors, in the event that it tends to be closed by any sensible individual, that it was the expectation of the gatherings to make legitimately restricting agreement, such an agreement with the upheld by the court. Another huge job in such manner is the plain importance rule. As per this standard, when an unmistakable and unequivocal agreement is available, the agreement will be authorized by the court. As indicated by the plain terms of the agreement that have been referenced on the base of the record and the court isn't required to think about outward proof or to decipher the language utilized in the agreement. An entrepreneur may enlist two the individuals, Agents and self employed entities. In spite of the fact that he has all the earmarks of being a straightforward matter of appointment however from a legitimate viewpoint, there are a few different ramifications present. The representatives who are employed to work under the order of their own that fall under the uprightness of specialists. Then again, recruited help for finishing transitory or repeating errands fall under the classification of self employed entities. So as to separate between the two, the court will consider the degree of control that the business has over the individual recruited. On the off chance that the businessperson had redistributed to some work to an individual or another organization having some expertise in that profession, most presumably, the individual will be treated as a self employed entity, especially if such individual has incredible caution in finishing the work. Then again, if an individual is emplo yed on a common premise and if that individual has less tact to finish the work, most likely the individual with will be considered as a specialist. Thusly, the distinction between a specialist and a self employed entity can be depicted as follows:- An operator is required to act as per the oversight of control of the head. An operator needs to adhere to the directions given by the head. The demonstrations of operators are authoritative for the head Self employed entity A self employed entity is required by the law to follow the conditions of the agreement. A self employed entity utilizes his own gear, work, machines and material. The self employed entity doesn't have the ability to tie the business References Baxt, R, Fletcher, K Fridman, S 2008, Corporations and affiliations: cases and materials, tenth edn, LexisNexis, Butterworths, Sydney, New South Wales Harris, J, Hargovan, An Adams, M, 2013, Australian corporate law, 4thedn, LexisNexis Butterworths, Chatswood, New South Wales Mill operator, and Cross. Part 11: Contract Law. Business Law: Text and Cases. By Clarkson. twelfth ed. Bricklayer: Cengage Learning, 2012. 210 Sweeney, B, OReilly, J Coleman, A, 2013, Law in Commerce, 6thedn.2015, Australian Corporations Legislation, LexisNexis Butterworths Case Law Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571 Crown Lands Comrs v Page [1960] 2 QB 274 Focal point v Devonshire Club (1914) The Times December 4 Re McArdle (1951) Ch 669

2012 Early Action Thoughts - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2012 Early Action Thoughts - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2012 Early Action Thoughts Mid-September is the time of year when the questions really start coming in concerning Early Action, so here is a quick post covering some of the highlights. Required materials for Early Action applicants Deadline October 15 Submit the online First-Year application after selecting Early Action (which makes the Part II essay section collapse, as the essays are not required for EA) Submit the $60 application fee or have an official fee waiver sent to our office Have your HS counselor submit a UGA School Evaluation form Submit an official HS transcript (either electronically or by paper, but no faxes) Have an official SAT or ACT (with Writing) score sent to UGA (we will only be able to use SAT/ACT scores for Early Action for tests taken by the October 15 Early Action deadline) Early Action vs. Regular Decision Every year, students and parents call our office and ask if they should apply Early Action (EA) or Regular Decision (RD). For the most part, we say that this has to be the students call, as only the student knows if they feel comfortable with UGA reviewing their application based on their academic standing as of October 15. I have written a separate article about EA vs RD with a little more direction, and this should help you in the EA decision process, but it is still up to the applicant as to whether to apply EA or RD. Preparation Make sure that you have a copy of your high school transcript when you are working on your application, as you will need to refer to it when completing the self-reported grades section. As well, please do not mark that you cannot self-report your grades just because you have not taken the time to get a transcript. The self-reported grades make the admission timeline go quicker for both you and UGA, and it also helps you understand what your academic record looks like to UGA. Make sure that you enter in correct information, but especially review the data on the Honor Code page, where we list 10 or so key data fields that you have completed (name, birthdate, etc.), as well as your SSN. Make sure these items are correct before you hit submit. We ask for information on clubs, activities, leadership, athletics and honors. Please do not ignore these fields, as even though for the most part UGA does not use them for an EA decision, we will use them for scholarship review and in our file reading process if you are deferred. For your peace of mind (and mine and your parents!), do not wait until just before the deadline to submit your application. What if you are Deferred? First, a deferred decision is not a bad result of applying Early Action. All that it means is that UGA wants more time and information on you, as well as a large number of other applicants, so that we can review your file in detail during our reading period that goes from January through mid-March. My suggestion is that if you cannot handle a deferred decision, you should not apply Early Action. Every year, between 800-1000 deferred students do not complete part II of the application (essays and teacher recommendation) because they are either too unhappy with UGA or too despondent over the deferral to move forward with completing part II. An Early Action applicant needs to go in with a positive attitude, but also with the understanding that they might be deferred. Again, a Deferral decision is not a Denial, is not a Wait-List, but is just the UGA Admissions office saying that we need more time to look at your file, and we want to give your application a more detailed review of everyt hing in your file.

Abortion Is A Controversial Issue - 2182 Words

Abortion is a controversial subject for many Canadians despite the fact that it’s a procedure that has been effectively decriminalized in the country since 1969. There are approximately 100,000 abortions performed every year though that number has continued to dwindle every year for the past two decades. The research this proposal is looking to conduct is on the lack of abortion clinics available in the rural areas of Canada in particular as well as the constant risk of defunding of existing clinics throughout the country. In this proposal, we will not only set out to establish the history of abortion here in Canada but seek to provide enough reason in order to seek funding to pursue the collecting of data from medical institutions in all ten provinces. This paper will serve to set the argument of why abortion has been a controversial subject as well to make the argument that it is a right for every Canadian woman to have ready access to an abortion clinic – irrelevant of where she was born in the country. Is it Possible for a Woman to Have a Safe Abortion in Canada? : Proposal to Set Up Safe Abortion Clinics in Canada When discussing women and health, one can’t talk about the subject without eventually approaching the inevitable topic of women’s right to have an abortion. The right for a woman to have a safe abortion is a controversial topic for many who view abortion as a killing of a child. Meanwhile others, citing the science, argue that it is a woman’s choice to chooseShow MoreRelatedThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion878 Words   |  4 Pagesrecent discussions of abortion, the controversial issue has become whether or not women should be given the right to take their unborn child’s life away. Many believe in all having the right to live while others believe in the right to be given a choice. Women do not want to be given restrictions, they want to be able to have a voice when making decisions. With abortion women have a hard time making their decision based upon the judgement others make if the decision of abortion is followed throughRead MoreAbortion : A Controve rsial Issue1256 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion is a very controversial issue. To first start out abortion is the deliberate termination of a woman’s pregnancy, most often performed within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. People can either be pro-choice or pro-life for abortion. Being pro-choice means that people believe that it is a woman’s choice to get an abortion if they want one. Pro-life means people believe no matter what if a woman is pregnant they should have the baby; no abortion. I intent to explain why women who get pregnantRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue Of Abortion Essay2668 Words   |  11 PagesAbortion is terminating a pregnancy before the fetus has been born. Abortion has been and still is very controversial and has had an increasing amount of cases all over the world. In 2000 there were over one million abortions in the United States (Harper, et al., 501). Abortion is one of the most common procedures women undergo. According to the current abortion rates about thirty percent of women will have an abortion by the age of forty-five (Jones and Kavanaugh, 2011). Most abortions are attributedRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion1555 Words   |  7 Pagestopic of abortion in the United States has been and remains one of the most controversial issues in western culture and politics. An abortion can be defined as the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it can survive on its own. This comprises two major forms of abortion: spontaneous, which is often referred to as a miscarriage or induced abortion, which is the deliberate termination of a pregnancy. The term is commonly used to refer to the induced abortion, and this is the abortion, which hasRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion865 Words   |  4 Pages Today, people have the right to voice their thoughts regarding a topic, rather they’re different or alike, creating a new philosophy about it, or supporting the traditional belief. In regards to the topic, Abortion has been a subject of controversial matters. Some believing they have the right to do such an act while others would absolutely disagree. Before supporting such an act or not, we typically take into consideration the goods and bads of the action first. While taking a life might be oneRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue911 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is a controversial issue in many countries all the time and there are always two sides of abortion. Pro-life supporters believe that abortion is immoral, so they argue that it should be illegal because an unborn baby is life. However, they do not figure out that woman who is on the inevitable situation such as infection, rape, or extreme poverty would still have the abortion even though the abortion is illegal. Many women die due to unsafe abortion, which is illegal and performed by uneducatedRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue843 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Abortion has been a very controversial issue in the United States for the past several decades. Many people think that is it morally wrong. To say that something is morally wrong is an opinion. Since everyone’s opinions are different on this topic there have been many court cases and protests against abortion. However there are a lot of people out there that believe that abortion is a rightful decision. My personal opinion on the abortion controversy is that every woman should have theRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue989 Words   |  4 Pagesaverage total of abortions performed annually in America (operationrescue.org). Abortion is a very controversial issue in the United States and all across the globe. First, I will discuss the different types of abortion. Next, I will explain when the abortions are performed. Then, I will share some of the laws regarding abortion in the United States. Finally, I will express my views on abortion. Abortion should be illegal in all states. First, I will discuss the various types of abortion. There are threeRead MoreAbortion: a Controversial Issue1159 Words   |  5 PagesAbortion: A Controversial Issue One of the major controversial issues confronting the society today is abortion. I choose abortion as the topic of discussion since it contradicts my values and beliefs. Abortion is the extraction of the human fetus from the mothers womb with an intention to end the life of that fetus prior to its natural birth. The controversy surrounding abortion is whether it should be legalized or not? In my opinion, abortion is morally and ethically wrong because it leadsRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue882 Words   |  4 Pagesconsider abortion as a rightful act, and abortion is a name of destroying human life. Now a days our society faces several types of issues Abortion is one of the complicated issue for both ways health and society that’s why abortion become a very controversial issue that’s become debatable in politics. In addition, these researches will describe the different issues of abortion, such as, legal laws on abortion, restriction of abortions, rate of ab ortion and consequences of the abortion. Abortion is

The Queen Of England During The Tudor Dynasty - 942 Words

Queen Elizabeth I, wrote one of the most famous and inspiring speeches of all times. Elizabeth I was the queen of England during the Tudor Dynasty. Tudor period was a time of England s introduction to Renaissance culture. Humanism became the most important force in Tudor literary and life. Elizabeth I was not only the most feared queen at the time, she was also a writer. She wrote â€Å"Speech to the Troops at Tillbury† (1588), which was written for the British troops stationed at Tilbury in 1588 as they waited for the Spanish to invade. Literary during the Tudor period had an overly ornate meaning with hidden messages. Speech to the Troops at Tillbury, was definitely an ornate speech, an example was the famous quote, â€Å"I know I have the body but of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too† (1588) Elizabeth I, knew in reality she could not lead her troops into battle but she wished she could. The people of Eng land had great respect for her and she had respect for the people. Therefore making Queen Elizabeth I and her speech one of the most successful Tudor speeches in history. Humanism had a massive impact to Tudor literary. Humanists searched for wisdom achieved by ancient Greece and Rome. Aristotle s who was a well-known Greek philosopher, introduced humanism. He believed in mortal which was the soul and immortal, which was the body. Elizabeth I most famous speech was given to her troops gathered at Tilbury, to fight theShow MoreRelatedThe Tudors Effect On The English Church Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasion Essay: The Tudors Effect on the English Church â€Å"Nothing would be the same for any woman in this country again. From this time onward no wife, however obedient, however loving, would be safe. For everyone would know that if a wife such as Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was KingRead More Overview of the Monarchs of the Tudor Dynasty Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pagescome. The many King and Queens of England are divided into different eras by families. One of the families was the Tudor family, which is a well-known English monarchy. The Tudors were a family that ruled England from 1485 to 1603 whom ranged from Henry VII to Elizabeth I these rulers were well known because of different attributes they gave England. I will be providing information about all six rulers that reigned England in this distinctive dynasty. Each King or Queen will have information aboutRead More Glorifying the Tudor Dynasty: Shakespeares Richard III and the Perfect Villain 998 Words   |  4 PagesArts in England flourished and prospered during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Furthermore, â€Å"The Golden Age† was characterized by the Queen’s patronizing of theatre, which lead it to gain popularity among England. The sixteenth and early seventeenth century witnessed a period of English nationalism, evidently shown through diffused texts in the English language, rather than in Latin. Additionally, the Queen supported playwrights such as William Shakespeare, which lead to depictions of ElizabethanRead MoreThe Tudors Effect On History Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pages Argument Persuasion Essay: The Tudors Effect on History â€Å"Nothing would be the same for any woman in this country again†¦. For everyone would know that if a wife such as Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known for his many wives, specifically six, and alsoRead MoreKing Henry Viii : The King Of The Throne1682 Words   |  7 Pagesand stripping the pope of all of his powers in England. He also broke a Christian tradition by having six different wives (In Christianity, you are not allowed not allowed to divorce or have several spouses). King Henry VIII s life and rule completely redefined English history and legacy, and he certainly will be remembered forever as one of the most important leaders of his time. Henry VIII was born on June 28, 1491 in Greenwich, London, England. The rules of a monarchy state that the King sRead MoreEssay about Queen Elizabeth I: The Most Glorious Ruler of England 1074 Words   |  5 PagesEngland’s greatest monarchs, and brought England out of destitution, and into one of its most glorious periods, the Elizabethan Age. Though, she suffered greatly before crowning; throughout her rule as Queen, England was reformed and fortified to be one of the most powerful countries in the known world. Elizabeth was born in the Greenwich Palace on September 7, 1533 to Anne Boleyn and King Henry VIII of England. (Stated on page 1 of Crompton, Samuel Willard. Queen Elizabeth and Englands Golden AgeRead MoreKings and Queens: The Tudors Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tudors consisted of five kings and queens as well as Lady Jane Grey. The family line began when King Henry V passed away and his wife later on remarried a man named Owen Tudor. The Tudors were known as the most powerful, feared, and inspirational line of people to have lived during their time Owen Tudor, worked for the king within his courts as a Welsh owner, during the time of Owen’s marriage, Owen and the queen ended up having a son named Edward and it was said that he was to be the next inRead MoreEssay on Queen Elizabeth841 Words   |  4 PagesThe last queen of the Tudor dynasty, Queen Elizabeth I proved to be on of the most celebrated, and controversial leaders in English history. Raised in a neglectful home, and shadowed by her mothers reputation, Elizabeth did not have the royal treatment that her siblings received. From her birth, she was a disappointment, as a child she was intelligent, yet unnoticed, and the road to her 1558-1603 reign was troubled. Elizabeth was born on September 7, 1533. To the disappointment of King HenryRead MoreThe Elizabethan Er The Golden Age Of English History1527 Words   |  7 Pagestriumph over England’s hated Spanish enemies ( Elizabethan Era.). Queen Elizabeth I was queen from 1558 until her death in 1603, marking the Elizabethan Era.   Her father was King Henry VIII, who ruled from 1509 until his death in 1547, and was succeeded by Elizabeth s siblings Edward and Mary. Her father’s reign was shaped by his separation from the Catholic Church, which sparked years of religious controversy in England. Queen Elizabeth s mother was Protestant, but Elizabeth’s predecessor andRead MoreQueen Mary Of A Bloody Mary Essay1503 Words   |  7 PagesAccelerated 11 March 2016 Queen Bloody Mary Did you know that the legend of Bloody Mary is real and originated with Queen Mary I of England, the source of over 300 deaths? Over 400 years ago, Queen Mary Tudor ruled in England from 1553, until her death in 1558. Mary was a Catholic and so were her parents, but when her Mother and father got divorced, her father switched to a Protestant faith. When she became Queen she quickly reformed her Father religious laws so she could return England back to its Catholic

Roe V Wade and Doe V Bolton Free Essays

Justin Frazer Dr. Bryce Jones BSAD 234 4/10/13 Abortion is a hot debate topic. So naturally, it has generated many disputes and court cases. We will write a custom essay sample on Roe V Wade and Doe V Bolton or any similar topic only for you Order Now Two of the most famous and definitive court cases regarding abortion are Roe v Wade and Doe v Bolton. Both of these cases were ruled on at the same time. Both cases resulted in landmark decisions that would change how many states were allowed to regulate abortion. These rulings also help put into view the line between law and morals. Roe v Wade Jane Roe† was actually a pseudonym for the plaintiff, Norma McCorvey. She used this for protection and also to emphasize that she was fighting for all pregnant women. The defendant was Henry Wade, district attorney for Dallas County, Texas. McCorvey’s claim was that the Texas abortion law, passed in 1859, violated her constitutional rights. Backstory: Norma McCorvey, age 21, became pregnant in 1969. She did not want to continue with her pregnancy, as her marriage had failed and her first daughter was in the care of her mother and stepfather. As previously stated, Texas passed a law in 1869 preventing all abortion, excluding cases in which the woman’s life was in danger. She met Sarah Weddington and Linda Coffee, two attorneys who were interested in changing the abortion law. There were two issues standing in the way: McCorvey might not have standing because the abortion law only applied to women who performed abortions, not to those who needed them. The second issue was if she passed the point in her pregnancy where it was safe to perform an abortion, the case would become irrelevant. Their argument: in a previous case, Griswold v Connecticut, Justice William O. Douglas interpreted the Ninth Amendment to mean that any rights not explicitly granted to the government were retained by the people; previously it had been taken to mean that those rights were retained by the states. At the time of this case, this meant that all previously banned contraceptives between couples were now legal. Weddington and Coffee could argue that this â€Å"right to privacy,† as Douglas defined, should also be applied to abortion. The first reply from Assistant D. A. John Tolle, defending D. A. Wade, claimed exactly what they had expected: â€Å"Jane Roe† had no standing since the law only affected women who performed abortions. An anonymous affidavit from McCorvey submitted to a three-judge panel on May 22, 1970, stated that she wanted to terminate her pregnancy due to â€Å"the economic hardship which pregnancy entailed and because of the social stigma attached to the bearing of illegitimate children. At the hearing, Weddington argued on Roe’s standing to sue, as well as the constitutionality of the abortion statute (on the grounds of the First, Ninth, and Fourteenth Amendments). After the defense argued for the unborn fetus as a child, a life, Weddington brought up the issue of the impossibility to define when â€Å"life† begins (which is still one of the main arguments between pro-life and pro-choice advocates). Finally, Tolle argued that right of a child was more important than the w oman’s previously stated â€Å"right to privacy. However, the three judges found that the Texas abortion laws were unconstitutional by depriving rights dictated by the Ninth Amendment. Since this only declared the law unconstitutional and did not prevent the enforcing of the law, the plaintiffs then appealed to the Supreme Court. In October 1972, the plaintiffs and the defendants made their cases as they had before. Several things played into the Court’s following decision: the ruling of Eisenstadt v Baird, which made it legal for unmarried persons to use birth control. This solidified Weddington’s argument for the right to privacy in the Ninth Amendment; that individuals have the right to be free from government intervention in matters such as whether or not to have a child. Second, Justice Harry Blackmun, after reviewing the abortion statutes, ruled that they were no longer valid because they were put in place due to the dangers of abortion; this was no longer an issue, as abortion was just as safe as childbirth in the present time. Concerning the rights of the unborn as a child, Blackmun found that nowhere in the Constitution or Bill of Rights (specifically, the Fourteenth Amendment) a â€Å"person† includes the unborn. The final ruling: the abortion decision must be left to the judgment of the woman’s doctor in the first trimester. In the second trimester, the state may â€Å"regulate the abortion procedure in ways that are reasonably valid to maternal health. † After that, the state can regulate or stop the abortion. Summary Norma McCorvey wanted an abortion, but could not obtain would since it was illegal in her state, Texas. Most states at the time had abortion statutes in place proscribing abortion. She, under the alias â€Å"Jane Roe,† and the two attorneys representing her, Sarah Weddington and Linda Coffee, filed a suit against the county of Dallas on the grounds that the abortion laws violated a woman’s right to choose under the â€Å"right to privacy,† interpreted in the Ninth Amendment in the previous case Connecticut v Griswold. The district court ruled in favor of â€Å"Roe,† basing judgment upon the Ninth Amendment. This ruling did not prevent the enforcement of the abortion laws; rather, it merely stated that they were unconstitutional. McCorvey and her attorneys, now not only representing â€Å"Jane Roe† as a person, but as all women, appealed directly to the Supreme Court. On the opposing side, there was the fact that the state believed they had the responsibility to protect the life of the unborn child. The argument against that was this: â€Å"when does life really start? † It could be said that life doesn’t begin until after the child is born; not when it is still a fetus. This really sparked this debate that still goes on today. Justice Harry Blackmun found that, after reviewing the Constitution and Bill of Rights, the Founding Fathers never explicitly put the unborn with the â€Å"persons† protected under our nation’s documents. However, he said that this was not absolute. He said that, though he agreed that the Ninth Amendment encompassed a woman’s right to choose whether or not to terminate her pregnancy, the right to choose was also not absolute. So, they came to a compromise: during the first trimester of a pregnancy, abortion was legal, but at the judgment of the woman’s doctor (which has changed since then). During the second trimester, the state could regulate abortions in a way that is related to maternal health. During the third trimester, the state could proscribe abortions. The general rule was that if the fetus is able to live outside the womb (with artificial aid), which was typically at about 28 weeks, then the woman no longer has a right to an abortion. This entire case and the decisions that were made is a landmark in our history. It has sparked much debate and divided many people into â€Å"pro-life† and â€Å"pro-choice† groups. Doe v Bolton A companion case to Roe v Wade, Doe v Bolton was an abortion case that happened in Georgia around the same time (decision on the same day) that its Texas counterpart did. Much like other states with abortion laws, Georgia only allowed abortion if: the pregnancy was a danger to the woman’s life by judgment of a licensed physician, the fetus was in danger of being born with a serious defect, or if the abortion was a product of rape ( § 26-1202(a)). The woman wanting an abortion also had to qualify for the following conditions, defined under  § 26-1202(b) of Georgia Criminal Code: â€Å"the abortion [is to] be performed in a hospital accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals, the procedure be approved by the hospital staff abortion committee, and the performing physician’s judgment be confirmed by independent examinations of the patient by two other licensed physicians. † Sandra Cano, a mother of three, did not meet any of these conditions. Under the pseudonym â€Å"Mary Doe,† she and her attorney, Margie Pitts Hames, sued Arthur K. Bolton, the Attorney General for Georgia. Their claim was that the abortion statute of Georgia was unconstitutional. Like â€Å"Roe,† the three-judge panel of the district court found that Doe did, in fact, have standing in this issue. They ruled that the first three conditions ( § 26-1202(a)) listed above were unconstitutional, but they upheld the medical approval and residency requirements. In addition, like Roe v Wade, they merely provided that the section of the law was unconstitutional; they did not give any injunction against enforcing the law. This is called declaratory relief. The plaintiffs then appealed directly to the Supreme Court, like Roe and her attorneys. The arguments and counter-arguments were all the same as in Roe v Wade. The Court found that the three conditions in section 26-1202(b) were unconstitutional. They found that the JCAH accreditation requirement did not pertain to the woman’s right, and did not reasonably relate to the abortion statute. The two conditions requiring the abortion to be approved by a committee and by two other physicians were found to not serve the woman’s health in any way. The committee condition violated the woman’s â€Å"right to receive medical care† from her physician, and the two-doctor condition violated the physician’s â€Å"right to practice. † These conditions were struck down. Justice Blackmun, mentioned in the previous case, said that Roe v Wade and Doe v Bolton must be read together. The former allowed the states to proscribe abortion in the third trimester. However, Doe v Bolton added that the abortion could still be allowed if it was a matter of the woman’s health, in the opinion of the woman’s doctor. This is essentially a loophole around the â€Å"viability† requirement of the ruling of Roe v Wade. Doe v Bolton and Roe v Wade together struck down state abortion laws and struck up heated debates. These were the first real challenges regarding abortion in the United States. Both declared abortion a constitutional right. Summary Sandra Cano (â€Å"Mary Doe†) and attorney Margie Pitts Hames sued the state of Georgia for its unconstitutional abortion statute. The district court found they had standing, but like Roe v Wade, they gave them only declaratory, not injunctive, relief. The plaintiffs appealed to the Supreme Court for broader relief. Georgia’s Criminal Code, section 26-1202(b), stated that in addition to the requirements to receive an abortion that a woman must be in danger from the pregnancy, the child must be in danger of severe defect from birth, or the pregnancy being a result of rape, any woman wanting an abortion had to receive one in a hospital accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals, she had to receive permission of two physicians other than her own, and the decision must also be approved by a hospital committee. The Court struck all of these requirements as unconstitutional. Additionally, the Court ruled that a woman may obtain an abortion after â€Å"viability† (as defined in Roe v Wade) if it was necessary to preserve her health. Along with its companion case, Roe v Wade, the decision was made on January 22, 1973, that abortion was a constitutional right. How to cite Roe V Wade and Doe V Bolton, Papers

Designing and Managing Industrial Product Service

Question: Discuss about the Designing and Managing Industrial Product Service . Answer: Introduction: Founded in the year of 1997 on August 29, one of the most popular and recognized multinational organizations entertainment organizations of America, Netflix emerged to be retail giant in the entertainment industry of the global market (Bruce 2014). Although the organization had a very humble beginning, with a handful number of workers, the streaming business largely expanded with the expansion of the market. By the year of 2013, the organization added film as well as television production that helped the organization benefit from the subscription of 93 million people worldwide (Jenner 2016). However, it should be noted that despite being an average start-up, Netflix managed to reach the pinnacle and one of the key drivers behind the growth of the organization is its effective strategies. Accordingly, the following task intends to analyze and evaluate the strategies undertaken by Netflix that has ultimately helped the company witness a massive jump in its stock price in the market. A Brief History of Netflix: Netflix was founded by Marc Randolp and Reed Hastings in California in the year of 1997 (Bruce 2014). Although the organization initially was meant to offer products or service via internet, keeping in mind the love of the Americans for TV content and movies, the plan was revised, and the organization started offering TV content to the audience in lieu of subscription fees. In the year of 1998, Netflix was a very ordinary organization which had merely 30 employees working under it, and the organization had at most 925 works available (Vickers et al. 2016). However, while during its inception, the market of the organization primarily consisted of the business of sending DVD by mail, by the year of 2007, the organization expanded its market further by introducing the business of streamline video. Further, by the year of 2013, Netflix managed to mark its international presence worldwide, providing a far more diverse service to the consumers including film, television production and onli ne production (McCord 2014). Each organization has been disrupting old, traditional ideas of conducting business, and evolving its service in a considerable way, that is ultimately helping the organization enjoy a growth in revenue. Netflix is also no exception here. The organization has rightly observed the irrelevance of the physical DVDs in the contemporary market, and hence the organization rightly applied the most advanced technology for replacing the physical DVDs by the streaming videos (Uribe and Hunt 2016). It is only the Netflix organization that has helped the consumers of television series and movies gain a convenience experience instead of the immersive experience. While the introduction of the online video service in 2007 has helped the company gain from technological disruption, the organization has managed to enjoy its competitive edge, by asking its video algorithm team to develop a number of quality levels or recipes meant for improving the consumer experience. The organization has not only succeeded in offering excellent quality picture and audio to the consumers, but also offers convenient experience to the consumers, who can stream their videos of Netflix directly to the television sets, via Chromecast for their own comforts (Madrigal 2014). Netflix offers the opportunity to its consumers to watch TV shows as well as movies, otherwise unavailable on a free social media platform. The target market of the organization primarily consists of viewers waiting to explore the innovative content of new television series and movies (Gustin 2014). The business of online streaming has helped Netflix offer the newest television shows and the most recently released movies in lieu of a set monthly fee. Initially, though the organization initially got the license of streaming newly released movies by forming partnership with the concerned studios, it realized soon that it could not convince the high class studios to lend their most popular television content to Netflix. Hence, the organization introduced a more innovative plan of producing its own movies and television series, so that it can attract consumer attention by its exclusively available production (Adhikari et al. 2015). Pricing Strategies: As far as the pricing strategy of the organization is concerned, it should be noted that Netflix operates in a highly competitive market and hence the pricing strategy chosen by the organization is largely determined by the nature of competition, the organization encounters. Since, recently Netflix has been encountering tough competition from organizations such as Sling TV and Hulu. Now, while price against which the online television service offered by Hulu is $35 per month, the subscription fee of Sling TV is priced at $ 15 per month (Helo et al. 2017). Keeping into consideration the moderate to premium pricing strategy of its arch rivals, the price strategy of Netflix is being deliberately kept low at $ 10 per month (Helo et al. 2017). In a conference, the management authority of Netflix has admitted that it has deliberately kept its service underpriced so as to ensure that the consumers have been anchored on Netflix and the company can enjoy competitive edge over others. As the d iagram below explains and illustrates, the service offered by Netflix is comparatively much cheaper in respect of the other rival giants of the market: Besides, the organization tries to ensure uniformity in the price rate among all the 60 countries it is currently operating in (Lyons 2016). It is worthwhile to mention here that back in the year of 2011, the consumers of Netflix witnessed a 60% hike in the subscription fees to be paid, and consequently the organization itself witnessed a shocking 75% drop in the total stock prices (Wu 2015). Soon the organization realized that the hike in the price proved to be nothing short of a financial loss for Netflix with a loss of 800,000 subscribers (Choudhary and Zhang 2015). Hence, the organization modified its existent pricing strategy and adopted the lower price point strategy. Besides, it should also be noted that the organization, in order to retain its top position has recently started offering a variety of new pricing options for the new consumers, and accordingly the consumers can choose their service in lieu of subscription fees ranging from $ 7.99 to $ 11.9 each month. The organiz ation offers new schemes of pricing plans- Basic Plan, Standard Plan and Premium Plan (Wu 2015). Netflixs Innovations: Despite having established in the year of 1997, Netflix has managed to soar pretty fast in terms of its profitability. More importantly, with a market value of approximately $11 billion, the organization is indeed illustrating a design principle that most of the organizations aspiring to achieve innovative disruption wish to adopt. Hastings, one of the founders of Netflix, during the early days of Netflix was well-aware that mailing DVDs would never let the organization earn substantial amount of revenue in the future. Hence, overlooking the immediate profit of the organization, he deemed it profitable to invest $10 million for researching into the area of streaming videos (Nan et al. 2016). It should be observed that Netflix as an organization not only adopted technical innovation, but also adopted effective innovation in the entire process of formulating the strategies. While the organization continued with its DVD mailing services till 2010, the organization kept on creating its o wn library of online media content to be offered to the viewers at lower price in the year of 2010 (Nan et al. 2016). Consumer resistance could have easily spoiled the entire strategy, had Netflix not offered an increasing size of Netflix library at a considerable low price. Hence, it is a self-evident fact that Netflix is indeed a remarkable example of disruptive innovation. Hastings, the Co-founder of Netflix managed to think beyond the immediate concern of the organization, Just like most of the start-up organizations, he could have remained content with the average profitability of its existent organization, instead he chose to re-invent to disrupt and replace the existent technology. It replaced the old and commonplace business model of DVD by mail, and instead it produced a model that intends to offer greater availability, affordability and accessibility to its consumers, especially to the underserved consumers of Blockbuster. Netflix proved that adapting is better, and with the introduction of the new business model of video streaming, the organization could much easily enjoy greater competitive advantage. However, it should be noted that while discussing and evaluating the business innovation of Netflix, much attention is also to be paid to the organizations recent innovative strategy. Presently, the organization has been focusing to create its ow n shows that can be broadcast exclusively on Netflix, and while so far they have been paying the cable networks, the new plan is letting Netflix charge price from the cable networks. This strategy is another remarkable instance of creative innovation, which will definitely help the organization stay at the very top of the market share. The realm of television is at once changing before the eyes of the viewers, as Netflix is offering innovation in each field, starting with the idea of video streaming, gaining access to videos on demand, to the lack of commercial intervention while viewing a favorite television show or movie. Will Netflix Remain the Dominating Power of Online Video Streaming? First of all, the major strategy that had helped in the growth and unquestionable success of Netflix is the innovative thought that the current business model of the organization is based on. The business model of video streaming was indeed nothing short of disruption that helped the consumers keep a series of online videos for as long as they wanted, in lieu of an affordable subscription rate (Bushnell et al. 2015). The innovative thought was indeed highly disruptive, and it helped to generate huge profit as the business model of video streaming offered a more convenient and a far more accessible way of watching television series and movies. Apart from the innovation strategy, the partnership strategy has also equally contributed to the organizational success of the company. The strategic partnership of Netflix with Apple is an example of the same. Netflix, as part of its partnership strategy with Apple, has allowed the consumers of the Apple set top box to gain access to Netflix directly. Further, these consumers of Apple set top box could also pay for the video service of Netflix via their I-tune accounts (Landi and Roberts 2013). This partnership strategy of Netflix not only helped the organization enhance its brand value by forming alliance with a highly prestigious company, but it also helped the company experience remarkable profit growth for gaining access to the large consumer base. The recurring income strategy of Netflix has also largely contributed to the growth of profitability of the company. Netflix usually follows a low price strategy, and intends to win the race slow and steady. The organization has always been well-aware of the potential competitors in the industry, and thus did not charge an incredibly high price for its unique service at the start. As the organization has been offering greater innovation in terms of the content to its consumers, it is increasing its subscription fees at a slow pace. Of late, Netflix has charged an extra $1 for its service, and consequently its sudden increase in price has not led to the loss of any client. In a research, 73% of the consumers were being reported to say that considering the high quality service, the consumers do not mind paying a little extra each month. The low price strategy thus has also been a major contributing factor in the organizational success of the company. The consumers have been regarded as the most important asset of Netflix, and hence the organization has seriously invested in the field of consumer value strategy. The management authority of Netflix has ensured that the company gets across the consumers as something beyond just a name in the movie rental service providing organization. The organization has continually researching over what the consumer wants to see. Hence, Netflix has recently incorporated some of the most popular English shows, such as Orange is the New Black and House of Cards to ensure that the consumers are able to get 100% entertainment from their end (Jenner 2015). Last but not the least mention should be made of the promotional strategy of Netflix on the social media platforms. While most of the brands intend to play safe on social media, and put up a more formal approach while communicating their message with the consumers, Netflix employs a more informal and friendly method of interacting with the consumers. Instead of informing the viewers about the quality of their service or their popularity in the market of video streaming, Netflix interacts with the viewers by asking them if they have checked the latest episode of Ridiculous 6 or not. Besides, the organization also promotes its service by getting personal with each viewer, helping them feel a part of the Netflix family. A viewer with the app of Netflix, will get a special Recommended for You section, that provides a variety of television shows and films based on the personal interest of the particular consumer. How is Netflix Currently Performing? The strong international growth of Netflix, along with its innovative price strategy has led to the unprecedented success of Netflix. The US based streaming giant, Netflix has been found to be one of the best and most admirable organizations in the stock price market. In the first quarter of the year of 2015, the company has witnessed an increase in share by 60%, and by the end of the year Netflix has been one of the very few organizations that has indeed fared admirably well in the share market. With the continual growth in revenue, Netflix has also been launching its service in different, new foreign markets, including Japan, Portugal, Spain and Italy. According to a recent report by Netflix, the organization has succeeded in adding as many as 5.59 million new subscribers in the year of 2015 itself, that clearly explains the growth of the organization in the recent years (Jenner 2015). However, with the increase in popularity of the organization in the international market, Netflix is aiming to take over the entire world by the end of 2016, for entertaining the consumers of each nation. Reports number suggest that while in the year of 2014, the organization had its members streaming 29 billion hours, in the year of 2015, the total number of viewers were being found to stream 425 billion hours (Jenner 2015). Consequent upon this fact, the company managed to have 17 million net additions in the year of 2015, that has in turn helped the company feature the most popular films, such as The Ridiculous Six and Beast of No Nation (Halal 2015). Taking into consideration the price returns of the rival giants of Netflix, such as Time Warner and Amazon, it can be easily said that Netflix is far ahead of all its competitors. The shares of Netflix are found to head towards $ 600 million price mark and hence the present time is being considered to be the most favorable time for the company if it wants to carry out further acquisitions or issue its stock (Halal 2015). The future prospects of Netflix seem to be indeed very high, and hence it would be good to reflect over what the future of Netflix seems to be like. Till the present time, people have been considering the steaming service of Netflix to be a platform meant for enabling the viewers watches movies and a few selected original shows. However, Netflix presently is considering the option of incorporating the genre of reality shows as well. For example, Netflix is soon to include some of the most popular reality shows of all time, such as The Ultimate Beastmaster and The Biggest Loser. According to the chief content manager of Netflix, Ted Sarandos, the exploration of this reality TV genre is believed to capture the attention of larger number of viewers in the foreign markets. Any kind of unscripted television show helps in satisfying the curiosity of the foreign viewers about the art of living, food habits or nature of the people living abroad, and hence these shows are expected to lead to the increase of revenue. The organization is all set to roll out 600 hours of original content for the viewers. Considering the incredible growth that Netflix has been experiencing since the year of 2015, it can be easily said that the streaming video of Netflix in itself will emerge to be the ultimate future, with the streaming boxes such as Roku or Apple TV finally replacing the cable boxes very soon (Halal 2015). Besides, more importantly, it is also expected that considering the huge growth of annual revenue of Netflix, the company will form alliance with some of the biggest production houses of Hollywood. Consequently, some of the most awaited Hollywood movies will be first released via Netflix, and Netflix is likely to charge a early bird fee from its subscribers. However, it is to be noted that considering the huge competition, the organization is encountering from rival giants such as Amazon Prime, the company is likely to invest (approximately $ 6 billion) in the year of 2017 for ensuring better content for the viewers in the years to come (Halal 2015). Conclusion: To conclude, it should be noted that Netflix is an organization that has a great potential in the market, and will continue to remain the number 1 destination for online video streaming programs. 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